The olfactory pyramid is a fundamental concept in perfumery, describing the structure and evolution of a fragrance's scents. It is generally divided into three levels: top notes, middle notes and base notes. Each of these categories plays an essential role in the overall olfactory experience.
1. Top Notes
Top notes are the first scents perceived after the fragrance is applied. They are often light, fresh and volatile, which means they evaporate quickly. These notes, such as citrus (lemon, bergamot), fruit (apple, pear) or herbs (mint, basil), immediately captivate attention and give a first impression.
2. Heart Notes
After a few minutes, the top notes fade away, giving way to the middle notes. These notes form the ‘heart’ of the fragrance and are often richer and more complex, including flowers (rose, jasmine), spices (cinnamon, pepper) and ripe fruit. They generally last for several hours and form the main character of the fragrance.
3. Base Notes
Finally, the base notes appear after a while and can linger for hours or even days. They are often heavier and deeper, including elements such as woods (sandalwood, cedar), resins (amber, myrrh) and musks. These notes add depth and longevity to the fragrance, creating a trail that unfolds slowly.
The olfactory pyramid allows perfumers to design balanced, harmonious compositions. By understanding the dynamics between the different notes, we can better appreciate the complexity and beauty of a fragrance as it evolves on the skin. This model is an invaluable tool for perfumery enthusiasts, offering them a new perspective on the art of fragrance.
-Suzanne Lebreau
Writer
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